Operating Systems: Glossary

Key Points

Introduction to Operating Systems
  • User programs are presented with uniform abstractions through the concept of virtualization.

  • Operating systems manage resources and map them to their corresponding virtualization abstractions.

Abstraction: The process
  • A program is a static list of commands. When OS executes (runs) a program, the entire running operation is called a process.

Process API
  • Through fork, exec, and wait, processes can be controlled and manipulated.

Limited Direct Execution
  • virtualization of the CPU must be done in an efficient manner. At the same time, the OS must retain control over the system. This is accomplished by combining user/kernel modes, trap table, timer interrupt, and context switching.

CPU Scheduling
  • FCFS/SJF operates based on a set of assumptions that are unrealistics in the real world.

  • MLFQ rules provide an adaptive approach to adjust the scheduling as needed.

GDB Debugger
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Memory virtualization
  • Memory virtualization is how the OS provides an abstraction of physical memory to process in order to facilitate transparency, efficiency, and protection.

Memory virtualization mechanism: address translation
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Memory virtualization mechanism: paging and tlb
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Introduction to concurrency using threads
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Lock and Condition Variables
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Semaphores
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

I/O and Disks: Disk Scheduling
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Introduction to file systems
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Crash consistency: fsck and journaling
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Micro versus monolithnic kernels: Minix and Linux
  • First key point. Brief Answer to questions. (FIXME)

Glossary

FIXME